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STL Container Classes and Smart Pointers

Working with COM interface pointers is made easier by using smart pointers such as:

  • CComPtr<T> in the Microsoft Active Template Library (ATL)

  • _com_ptr_t<T> specializations generated by the Visual Studio compiler

These smart pointers typically overload the address-of operator operator&(). Many container classes, such as the STL (Standard Template Library) container classes, expect to be able to use the address-of operator to obtain the addresses of their contained objects. Overloading the address-of operator can cause compiler errors or have undesired side-effects at run-time, like asserts or releasing interface pointers prematurely, leading to access violations later on.

To avoid problems, wrap the container elements in the templated helper class, CAdapt<T>, provided by ATL. CAdapt's primary role is to hide the address-of operator redefinition.

For example, instead of defining:

typedef std::vector<IModelDoc2Ptr> IModelDoc2Vector_t;

define:

            #include <atlcomcli.h>

      typedef std::vector<CAdapt<IModelDoc2Ptr> > AdaptedIModelDoc2Vector_t;

This can be used as follows:

swApp->GetDocumentCount(&lNumDocuments);

 

AdaptedIModelDoc2Vector_t  vDocuments(lNumDocuments);

 

swApp->IGetDocuments(lNumDocuments, (IModelDoc2**)&vDocuments.front());

and iterated like this:

for (AdaptedIModelDoc2Vector_t::iterator itr = vDocuments.begin();

itr != vDocuments.end(); itr++)

{

      IModelDoc2Ptr  swDocument(*itr);

 

_bstr_t  bstrTitle;

 

      swDocument->GetTitle(bstrTitle.GetAddress());

 

      // This doesn't compile as operator-> is not a member of

// CAdapt<T>.

//(*itr)->GetTitle(bstrTitle.GetAddress());

 

      (*itr).m_T->GetTitle(bstrTitle.GetAddress());

}

 

For more information about the CAdapt class, see Microsoft article CAdapt Class.



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