Partial Safety Factors γΜ for Joints (European Standard)

The values for the partial safety factors for joints are from Eurocode EN 1993-1-8: 2002, Table 2.1.

Recommended partial safety factors γΜ for joints
Resistance of: members and cross-sections γΜ0, γΜ1, γΜ2 see EN 1993-1-1:2005
Resistance of: bolts, rivets, pins, welds, and plates in bearing γΜ2
Slip resistance for: hybrid connections, connections under fatigue loading, other design situations γΜ3
Bearing resistance of an injection bolt γΜ4
Resistance of joints in hollow section lattice girder γΜ5
Resistance of pins at serviceability limit state γΜ6,ser
Preload of high strength bolts γΜ7
Resistance on concrete γC see EN 1992

Recommended values are as follows:

γΜ2 = 1.25

γΜ3 = 1.25 for hybrid connections or connections under fatigue loading

γΜ3 = 1.1 for other design situations

γΜ4 = γΜ5 = γΜ6,ser = 1.0

γΜ7 = 1.1

Joints subject to fatigue should also satisfy the principles in Eurocode EN 1993-1-9.